A
study to assess the Knowledge regarding Tuberculosis among the adults in
selected rural areas of, Mysore with a view to develop an information pamphlet
Mrs.
Nisha P Nair1*, Mr. Vinay
Kumar G2, Mr. Mahadevprasad V.S2,
Prof. Sheela Williams3
1Assistant Professor, Community Health Nursing Department, JSS College of Nursing,
Mysore
2Assistant Lecturer, Community Health
Nursing Department, JSS College of Nursing, Mysore
3Principal, JSS College of Nursing,
Mysore
*Corresponding Author Email: nisha.deepak7@gamil.com
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: In India, Infectious disease is major public health
issue .India suffers significant population losses each year from infectious
diseases.
Aims and objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the
level of knowledge regarding tuberculosis among the adults in selected rural
areas of Mysore also to find the association with their selected variables.
Approach and design: In the study,
exploratory descriptive approach was used.
Samples and sampling criteria: The knowledge was assessed among
30 adults. The level of knowledge was measured by using structured interview
schedule regarding TB. The data were collected and analyzed using descriptive
and inferential statistics.
Results: Results of the study revealed that,50% of the adults have good knowledge about TB and there is no significant association with any
variables.
Conclusion: Thus study concludes that the adults should get
enough awareness regarding TB. As health professionals it’s the responsibility
of us to conduct some awareness programe to improve
their level of knowledge in tackling the problem of TB in India
INTRODUCTION:
Infectious disease is major
public health issue for both developed and developing countries. India suffers
significant population losses each year from infectious diseases. Among
infectious diseases, tuberculosis is the single largest killer of young and
adult populations in the world1.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a worldwide
public health problem despite the fact that causative organism was discovered
more than 100 years ago and highly effective drugs and vaccines are available
making a TB a preventable and curable disease1.
Out of the 22 high-burden countries for TB,
eleven are situated in Asia, while nine are in Africa. These countries account
for approximately 80% of the total cases worldwide. In Asia, India is having
high-burden accounts for nearly 20 percent of global
burden2.
In India during 2010, the estimated
prevalence rate for all forms of TB was 283 per 100,000 population.
In India, each year nearly 2.2 million people develop TB disease, of which one
million are new smear-positive cases and half a million people die from TB. Also in India TB is a disease of the poor. The majority
of the victims are migrant labourers, slum dwellers,
resident of backward areas, and tribal pockets. Poor living conditions,
malnutrition, shanty housing and overcrowding are the main spread of the
disease3.
Up until now, early case detection and
treatment of cases is the only and most effective method of TB control. The current TB control strategy with
Directly Observed Treatment; Short course (DOTS) is reported to be successful
in terms of treatment success rate. However, passive
case detection strategy followed under DOTS may not have achieved the case
detection rate of at least 70%.
In India, a passive case detection method is followed under the Revised
National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) for TB case-finding. This may be
the reason for the delayed presentation of TB patients at healthcare facilities
where diagnostic facilities for TB are available3.
The TB control programs have recognized the
importance of providing information, education and communication (IEC) to
improve the knowledge about TB and to influence change in health-care seeking
behavior among both TB patients and the general public. In India, though an
integral component of RNTCP, IEC activities were minimal and scattered up until
2001. Since 2001, a sustained intensified IEC campaign is being done. Recently, a STOP-TB initiative has adopted the strategy
of advocacy, communication and social mobilization to support country TB
control programmes3.
In India TB is more prevalent among the
adults especially in the age group between 15-54 years4. So the
researcher interest has geared up towards assess the knowledge about TB and to
identify the association between the knowledge about TB with their
selected personal variables.
OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of the study
are:
1.
To
assess the level of knowledge regarding tuberculosis among the adults in
selected rural areas of Mysore.
2.
To
find the association between level of knowledge
regarding tuberculosis among the adults in selected rural areas of Mysore with
their selected demographic variables.
Hypothesis:
There will be a significant
association between the level of knowledge of adults
regarding Tuberculosis with their selected demographic variables.
METHODOLOGY:
Research Design
The design adopted is
exploratory descriptive survey.
Settings
The
present study was conducted in rural tandavapura at Mysore district.
Sample and sampling technique
By Simple Random Sampling
technique 30 urban adults were selected
Instruments used
Section
1; Data on demographic variables
It
consisted of the following items such as age, sex, religion, educational,
occupation, marital status, family background, type of family, Knowledge
regarding TB and source of information regarding TB.
Section
2: Structured Interview Schedule regarding Tuberculosis.
This section consists of 25 questions regarding meaning,
cause, mode of transmission, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and
prevention of TB
RESULTS:
Section 1: Description of selected Personal variables
of study subjects:
TABLE 1.
Frequency and percentage distribution of adults according to their personal
variables n=30
|
Sl no
|
Sample
characteristics
|
Frequency
(f)
|
Percentage
(%)
|
|
1
|
Age
a)
20-29yrs
b)
30-39yrs
c)
40-49yrs
d)
50-59yrs
e)
Above
60yrs
|
11
07
00
06
06
|
36.66
23.33
00
20
20
|
|
2
|
Gender
a)
Male
b)
Female
|
22
08
|
73.33
26.66
|
|
3
|
Religion
a)
Hindu
b)
Christian
c)
Muslim
|
28
02
00
|
93.33
06.66
|
|
4
|
Educational
status
a)
Primary
b)
Middle
c)
High
school
d)
PUC and
Above
|
08
05
08
09
|
26.66
16.66
26.66
30
|
|
5
|
a)
Occupation
a)
Coolie
b)
Farmer/agriculturist
c)
Factory
d)
Business
e)
Other
|
13
02
08
04
03
|
43.33
06.66
26.66
13.33
10
|
|
6
|
Marital
status
a)
Married
b)
Unmarried
|
21
09
|
70
30
|
|
7
|
Type
of Family
a)
Single
b)
Joint
|
20
10
|
66.66
33.33
|
|
8
|
Family
background of TB
a)
Yes
b)
No
|
00
30
|
00
100
|
|
9
|
Knowledge
regarding TB
a)
Yes
b)
No
|
24
06
|
80
20
|
|
10
|
Source
of information
a)
Health
persons
b)
Mass
media
c)
Through
friends
d)
Through
parents
e)
No
previous knowledge
|
14
08
02
00
06
|
46.66
26.66
06.66
00
20
|
Section 2:
a)
Description
of level of
knowledge of adults regarding Tuberculosis
The
total level of knowledge score
ranged from 0-25. The level of
knowledge
scores further arbitrarily divided as poor knowledge (0-8), average knowledge
(9-17) and good knowledge (18-25)
Table 2.
Frequency and percentage distribution of adults according to their level of knowledge n=30
|
Level of knowledge
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Poor
|
08
|
26.66
|
|
Average
|
15
|
50.00
|
|
Good
|
07
|
23.33
|
Table 3. Mean, Median, Range Standard deviation of level
of knowledge scores of adults regarding TB. n=30
|
|
Mean
|
Median
|
Range
|
SD
|
|
Knowledge score
|
12.1
|
11
|
4-22
|
±5.42
|
Section 3:
Association between the
levels of knowledge of adults regarding TB with their
selected demographic variables
To find out the association of level of knowledge regarding
TB among adolescents with their selected personal variables, Chi square was
computed and it was evident that there
is no significant association of level of knowledge of adolescents with their selected personal variables
CONCLUSION:
The study concludes that even IEC
messages should use different ways to reach to most of the people and also
health professionals should conduct regular mass health education programmes in their area to bring the changes in the
society. Also the health professionals should gear up in spreading the message
about the modes of transmission, clinical features and line of treatment of the
disease
RECOMMENDATIONS:
The study also recommends that
similar study can be conducted with large number of samples and also with the
comparison of urban and rural. Also the education activities should gear up on
the slum dwellers, migrant labourers and among the
tribal.
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Park
.K, Textbook of preventive and social medicine. 21st ed. Jabalpur
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World
Health Organisation: Global Tuberculosis Control WHO
REPORT 2009. Geneva: World Health Organisation;
2009. 
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Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, H N Harsha
Kumar and John T Arokiasamy Prevalence
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its determinants among adults in India: results from a nation-wide
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4.
Chakraborty AK: Epidemiology of
tuberculosis: current status in India. Indian J Med Res 2004, 120:248-276.
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Chauhan LS: Status report on RNTCP. Indian
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Suganthi P, Chadha VK,
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